Philosophical conjectures and their refutation.

نویسنده

  • A G Kluge
چکیده

Sir Karl Popper is well known for explicating science in falsificationist terms, for which his degree of corroboration formalism, C(h,e,b), has become little more than a symbol. For example, de Queiroz and Poe in this issue argue that C(h,e,b) reduces to a single relative (conditional) probability, p(e,hb), the likelihood of evidence e, given both hypothesis h and background knowledge b, and in reaching that conclusion, without stating or expressing it, they render Popper a verificationist. The contradiction they impose is easily explained--de Queiroz and Poe fail to take account of the fact that Popper derived C(h,e,b) from absolute (logical) probability and severity of test, S(e,h,b), where critical evidence, p(e,b), is fundamental. Thus, de Queiroz and Poe's conjecture that p(e,hb) = C(h,e,b) is refuted. Falsificationism, not verificationism, remains a fair description of the parsimony method of inference used in phylogenetic systematics, not withstanding de Queiroz and Poe's mistaken understanding that "statistical" probability justifies that method. Although de Queiroz and Poe assert that maximum likelihood has the power "to explain data", they do not successfully demonstrate how causal explanation is achieved or what it is that is being explained. This is not surprising, bearing in mind that what is assumed about character evolution in the accompanying likelihood model M cannot then be explained by the results of a maximum likelihood analysis.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Vision and abstraction: an empirical refutation of Nico Orlandi’s non-cognitivism

Vision and abstraction: an empirical refutation of Nico Orlandi’s non-cognitivism Christopher Mole & Jiaying Zhao To cite this article: Christopher Mole & Jiaying Zhao (2016) Vision and abstraction: an empirical refutation of Nico Orlandi’s non-cognitivism, Philosophical Psychology, 29:3, 365-373, DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2015.1081163 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515089.201...

متن کامل

Evaluating EFL Learners’ Philosophical Mentality through their Answers to Philosophical Questions: Using Smith’s Framework

Given the role philosophical mentality can fulfill in bringing individuals the essential skills of wisdom and well thinking, the present paper, by applying Smith’s (2007) theoretical framework, strived to explore the extent philosophic-mindedness exists among the participants. Considering the fact that, a philosophic mind begets philosophical answers, the participants’ philosophical thi...

متن کامل

Borges ’ Refutation of Nominalism in

imone de Beauvoir recalls that when she first made the acquaintance of Jean-Paul Sartre he, then still a young man, proudly and somewhat hubristically declared that when he became older he wanted to be Stendhal and Spinoza (Cérémonie 182, 228). Not satisfied with the dream of being merely a great writer or a great philosopher, Sartre hoped to pursue both academic vocations at the same time. For...

متن کامل

Competitive Advantage: Logical and Philosophical Considerations

Strategic management theories invoke the concept of competitive advantage to explain firm performance, and empirical research investigates competitive advantage and describes how it operates. But as a performance hypothesis, competitive advantage has received surprisingly little formal justification, particularly in light of its centrality in strategy research and practice. As it happens, the c...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Systematic biology

دوره 50 3  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2001